LCD technology: Evolution from lab to desktop system

LCD technology: Evolution from lab to desktop system

LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) is a digital display technology that produces images on a flat panel by filtering light sources through liquid crystals and color filters. Compared with traditional CRT monitors, LCD has the advantages of small footprint, low power consumption, low radiation, and no flicker, which can effectively reduce visual fatigue, but the price is relatively high.

After years of leading the notebook computer market, LCD technology is gradually entering the desktop system market. LCD monitors are generally no thicker than 10 inches, which can save more space, and provide clear text display and flicker-free screen, which helps reduce visual fatigue. However, compared with CRT monitors, LCD still has shortcomings in high-quality color display and is more expensive.

The principle of LCD is based on the orderly arrangement of liquid crystal molecules under the influence of an electric field. The light emitted by the backlight layer passes through the polarization filter layer and the liquid crystal layer. The liquid crystal molecules distort the light under the action of the electric field and display the image on the screen after passing through the second filter layer. For color displays, each pixel is composed of three liquid crystal cells, corresponding to the red, green, and blue filters to display different colors. TFT (Thin Film Transistor) technology enables LCDs to display clearer and brighter images.

LCD monitors usually only provide fixed display resolutions. To increase the resolution, specific software is required to achieve analog resolution. Like CRT monitors, desktop LCDs are designed to receive analog signals, but LCDs can only process digital information, so the analog signals need to be converted back to digital signals for processing. To solve this problem, the latest desktop LCDs use graphics cards with digital connectors to transmit digital signals directly to the monitor.

As LCD technology develops, the size of display screens is gradually increasing. In the past, laptops mostly used 8-inch LCD monitors, but now desktop LCDs based on TFT technology can support 14 to 18-inch display panels. The size of the LCD is determined by the actual visible area, not by the size of the picture tube like CRT, so the display effect of a 15-inch LCD is equivalent to that of a traditional 17-inch color display.

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